Journal of Learning on History and Social Sciences

THE USE OF LOCAL WISDOM-BASED DISCUSSION METHODS TO IMPROVE STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES IN PKN SUBJECT OF CLASS IV SDN 30 NEGERI KATON

Parliyatun Parliyatun — 2025-06-19

Objective: This research examines local traditions in Lampung customs in order to improve learning outcomes for grade IV elementary school students. Method: This research uses the discussion method for a better approach for students. The focus of this research is the character formed in Lampung traditional culture carried out by Lampung tribe people who live in Pesawaran Regency, Lampung Province towards improving learning outcomes in civic education subjects in elementary schools. This type of research is a classroom action research (PTK) conducted in 2 cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. In this study, researchers identified the problems of student learning outcomes and gave 2 tests, namely the final test in cycle 1 and the final test in cycle 2. The objects in this study were 16 students from class IV SDN 30 Negeri Katon in the 2024/2025 academic year. Results: The results showed that local wisdom that is still often practiced in the community such as gotong royang and deliberation are noble values carried out by the community for generations can be used as an example in group discussions and integrated in learning at school. This study shows success based on an increase in student learning outcomes that can be seen from all activities in cycle 1 and cycle 2. Based on the results of cycle 1, it was found that 63% of students did not reach the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM), and for the results of cycle 2, 81% of students reached the minimum completeness criteria. Novelty: The results showed that local wisdom that is still often practiced in the community such as gotong royang and deliberation are noble values carried out by the community for generations can be used as an example in group discussions and integrated in learning at school.

EXAMINING IRAQI HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF TEACHER FEEDBACK

Alaa Abdul Adheem Abdul Abbas — 2025-06-23

Objective: This study explores the attitudes of Iraqi high school students toward teacher feedback, focusing on how it influences their learning experiences and motivation. Method: Using a quantitative research design, data were collected from 52 male high school students in Najaf City, Iraq, through a structured questionnaire. Results: The findings reveal that students generally hold positive attitudes toward teacher feedback, perceiving it as beneficial and necessary for their academic development. A majority of students reported that teacher feedback increased their learning motivation and trusted their teachers' comments. However, some students expressed anxiety when receiving feedback and hesitated to ask questions, indicating a need for a more supportive feedback environment. Novelty: The study underscores the importance of teacher feedback in enhancing student learning while highlighting the need for strategies to reduce student anxiety and foster a more comfortable learning atmosphere.

HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHICAL AND POLITICAL BOUNDARIES AND NATURAL CONDITIONS OF THE STATE OF ETTISHAHAR

Abduxamidov Jalol Ilash o‘g‘li — 2025-06-26

Objective: The historical development of East Turkestan in the 19th century is pivotal in understanding the geopolitical dynamics of Central Asia. One significant episode is the rise of the Seven Cities State under Muhammad Yakubbek, formed after consolidating various khanates in East Turkestan amidst regional instability and external imperial interests. Method: This article aims to explore the geographical, political, and administrative structure of the Seven Cities State, its defense strategy, internal governance, and diplomatic efforts to preserve sovereignty against major powers. Result: The study reveals that Muhammad Yakubbek effectively unified the region, structured the state into hierarchical provinces, revived traditional governance mechanisms, and sought international recognition while navigating pressures from Russia, China, and Britain. The research offers a multi-layered analysis of the state's administration, integration strategies, and Muhammad Yakubbek’s pragmatic diplomacy, based on a synthesis of historical narratives. Novelty: The findings highlight the fragile nature of emerging states in contested borderlands and underscore the role of geopolitical foresight, regional alliances, and administrative reform in state survival during imperial rivalries.