Journal of Learning on History and Social Sciences

JUSTICE AND VIRTUE IN THE QUR'AN: A THEMATIC STUDY OF THE CORRELATION OF ISLAMIC SOCIAL ETHICAL VALUES

Anis Farihah — 2025-08-11

Objective: This article aims to explore the correlation between justice (‘adl) and virtue (ihsan) in the Qur'an as principles of social ethics in Islam. Method: Through a thematic exegesis (maudhu’i) approach, this study gathers verses that include both concepts to analyze their linguistic meanings and practical implementation. Results: The study finds that justice is the minimum ethical foundation that must be upheld, while ihsan represents the highest form of ethical practice that surpasses justice. Novelty: This article emphasizes that the combination of justice and ihsan serves as the main pillar in building a harmonious and civilized society.

PANDIAMAN: CONCRETE MUSIC FROM THE AGRICULTURAL RHYTHMS OF THE GANTUANG CIRI NAGARI COMMUNITY

Biki Wabihamdika — 2025-08-18

Objective: The problem of this research focuses on Pandiaman, a concrete form of music originating from the agricultural rhythms of the Nagari Gantuang Ciri community, with the main challenge being the lack of documentation and understanding of this musical form that may lead to the loss of local cultural heritage amid modernization, and the aim is to document the socio-cultural transformation of agriculture while preserving cultural heritage through the medium of art. Method: This work employs Practice-Led Research (PLR), which includes collecting field data, selecting event elements, converting them into sound material, and compiling and manipulating audio using digital technology, where natural sounds, agricultural activities, and residents' testimonies are processed as basic composition materials to present the collective memory of the community. Results: The findings show that the musical composition Pandiaman is a concrete musical work inspired by traditional agricultural rhythms in Nagari Gantuang Ciri, Solok Regency, West Sumatra, reconstructing three agricultural periods—Pandiaman (organic pause), paranam (food self-sufficiency), and chaos—through a reenactment approach and Concrete Music techniques. Novelty: Ultimately, this creation is expected to become a source of appreciation for music based on local contexts while contributing to broader discussions on the interrelationship between art, ecology, and cultural identity.

USE OF GROUNDWATER IN SELECTED AREAS (AL-RASHIDIYA AND SOUTHERN REGION'S BAGHDAD) OF EASTERN BAGHDAD OIL FIELD: A STUDY IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Suhaila Najem Al Ibrahimi — 2025-08-18

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the suitability of groundwater for multiple uses, including agricultural irrigation, human consumption, animal drinking, and poultry farming, in selected areas of the East Baghdad oil field (Rashidiya and the southern region of Baghdad), with a focus on sustainable water resource management. Method: Laboratory analyses were conducted based on international water quality standards to assess key physicochemical elements, and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques were employed to transform raw spatial data into a digital database for mapping and generating hydrological tables. Results: The findings indicate spatial variation in groundwater quality across the study area, with certain zones exhibiting acceptable standards for agricultural and livestock use, while other zones were unsuitable for direct human consumption due to elevated concentrations of specific elements. Novelty: The study provides an integrated approach combining laboratory assessment with GIS-based spatial analysis, offering a practical framework for monitoring, mapping, and managing groundwater resources in oil field regions under environmental stress, thereby contributing to long-term sustainability strategies.