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Abstract
Background: Advances in medicine have significantly improved our ability to address various diseases affecting the unborn child, with fetal medicine emerging as a rapidly evolving field. Specific Background: Nonimmune hydrops fetalis, a severe antenatal pathology requiring advanced minimally invasive treatment techniques, exemplifies the critical challenges and progress in fetal medicine. Knowledge Gap: Despite advancements, there remains a need for a comprehensive review of nonimmune hydrops fetalis, encompassing its etiology, clinical presentation, and management, particularly with regard to recent data from specialized fetal medicine departments. Aims: This article aims to review the multifaceted aspects of nonimmune hydrops fetalis, including its causes, diagnostic approaches, and treatment options, while providing insights from recent cases managed within a fetal medicine department. Results: The review covers the etiology of nonimmune hydrops fetalis, which can be attributed to a range of genetic, cardiac, and infectious factors. It discusses the clinical presentation and highlights advancements in antenatal diagnosis and management. Additionally, the article presents case studies from the fetal medicine department, illustrating contemporary approaches and outcomes. Novelty: This review provides an updated synthesis of nonimmune hydrops fetalis management and diagnosis, integrating recent case studies and technological advancements. Implications: The findings underscore the importance of continued research and innovation in fetal medicine to enhance the diagnosis and management of nonimmune hydrops fetalis, ultimately improving outcomes for affected pregnancies.
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References
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- Bianchi, D.W., Crombleholme, T.M., D'Alton, M.E., Malone, F.D. (2010). Fetology: Diagnosis and management of the fetal patient. 2nd edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.
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- Кадырбердиева Ф.З., Шмаков Р.Г., Бокерия Е.Л.(2019). Акушерство и гинекология №10. Москва: ООО «Бионика Медиа».
References
Berghella, V. (2017). Maternal-Fetal Evidence Based Guidelines. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Bianchi, D.W., Crombleholme, T.M., D'Alton, M.E., Malone, F.D. (2010). Fetology: Diagnosis and management of the fetal patient. 2nd edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.
Desilets V., De Bie I., Audibert F.(2018). Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada 40(8). Toronto, Ont. : Healthcare & Financial Pub., Rogers Media.
Kilby, M.D., Johnson, A., Oepkes D. (2020). Fetal therapy: scientific basis and critical appraisal of clinical benefits. 2nd edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kline-Fath, B.M., Bulas, D.I., Bahado-Singh, R. (2015). Fundamental and advanced fetal imaging : ultrasound and MRI. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health.
Mary E.N., Suneet P.C., Jodi S.D. (2015). American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 212(2). New York : Elsevier.
Norwitz, E.R., Zelop, C.M., Miller, D.A., & Keefe, D.L. (2019). Evidence-Based Obstetrics and Gynecology. Hoboken: John Wiley and sons Ltd.
Ota S., Sahara J., Mabuchi A., Yamamoto R., Ishii K., Mitsuda N. (2016). The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research 42(4). Tokyo : University of Tokyo Press.
Pulatova G.A., Yusupbaev R.B. (2023). American Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences 13(2). doi: 10.5923/j.ajmms.20231302.30.
Sohan K., Carrol S.G., S De La Fuente, Soothill P., Kyle P.(2001). Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica № 80. Copenhagen : Munksgaard
Suwanrath-Kengpol, C., (2005). Kor-anantakul O., Suntharasaj T., Leetanaporn R. Gynecologic and obstetric investigation №59. Basel, New York, Karger.
Кадырбердиева Ф.З., Шмаков Р.Г., Бокерия Е.Л.(2019). Акушерство и гинекология №10. Москва: ООО «Бионика Медиа».