PATHOGENICITY AND VIRULENCE FACTORS OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA: A MINI REVIEW
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Objective: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, also known as P. aeruginosa, is a Gram-negative opportunistic bacteria that can infect people with burn injuries, cancer, immunodeficiency, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic brosis, and severe infections as COVID-19 that need ventilation. Additionally, P. aeruginosa is frequently employed as a model bacterium in all fields of biology. Due to the extensive use of antibiotics and the sluggish development of effective antimicrobials, new theoretical and practical platforms are needed to screen and create mechanism-tested innovative medications to treat intractable infections, especially those caused by strains that are resistant to multiple treatments. Method: This article provides a comprehensive overview and discussion of the present status of P. aeruginosa biophysical features, behaviors, virulence factors, invasive regulators, and host defense mechanisms against its infection. Results: These findings point to new directions for future investigation and aid in the creation of innovative and/or substitute therapies to combat this clinically important infection. Novelty: Along with ongoing, vigourous attempts to comprehend P. aeruginosa bacterial pathogenesis, including virulence factors (LPS, quorum sensing, two-component systems, six-type secretion systems, outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), CRISPR-Cas and their control). the mechanisms of drug resistance caused by mammalian cell signaling pathways and known or unknown bacterial virulence factors.
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